Terms of Use – Cypher

Last Updated: June 2025

This page states the ‘Terms of Use’ under which you may use this website, which is a service operated by CYPHER (65) Ltd. (“CYPHER”), Singapore Registration Number 201942228D, consisting of information services and content provided by us and other third-parties.

CYPHER owns and operates this website; operates/may operate Facebook, Instagram and Twitter pages; Vimeo and YouTube channels; other social media; and delivers newsletters and other content via email (collectively, the “Sites”).

These Terms of Use (“Terms”) form a binding agreement between you and CYPHER (“Agreement”). Your access to, or use of, the Sites indicates your acceptance of these Terms of Use. By accessing the Sites, you hereby accept this Agreement. As a material condition of such use, you warrant that you have provided accurate and complete information in any communication with CYPHER. By using the Sites, you affirm that you are 16 years or over or otherwise possess legal parental or guardian consent.

You understand that by using the Sites, you may be exposed to content that may offend you or challenge your beliefs. Your remedy is to avoid such content by discontinuing your access.

Your use of the Sites and associated products and services, regardless of media, is subject to the terms, conditions, and disclaimers set forth below; to CYPHER’s Privacy Policy, Republishing Terms and Conditions, and all applicable laws and regulations.

In addition, CYPHER reserves the right to terminate access to the Sites for any reason, and to take any other action(s) that CYPHER, in its sole discretion, believes to be in the interest of the organisation and some or all of its users. CYPHER reserves the right to modify these disclaimers, terms, and conditions of access, without advance notice. Please note that our Sites are under constant development. This Agreement may therefore be modified and updated on an ongoing basis. Please check back to this page regularly.

Access

Access to the Sites is provided free of charge and does not create a professional services relationship or any other relationship with CYPHER. The Sites are provided solely for your personal, non-commercial use. You may not develop or derive for commercial sale any data in machine-readable or other form that incorporates or uses any substantial part of the Sites nor transfer to or store any data residing or exchanged over the Sites in any electronic network for use by more than one user unless you obtain prior permission from CYPHER.

Specifically, unless explicitly authorised in these Terms or by the owner of the materials, you may not modify, copy, reproduce, republish, upload, post, transmit, translate, sell, create derivative works, exploit, or distribute in any manner or medium any material from the Sites.

You shall not use, copy, scrape, reproduce, alter, modify, collect, mine and/or extract any data residing or exchanged over the Sites:

(a) for any machine learning, machine learning language models and/or artificial intelligence-related purposes (including the training or development of such technologies);

(b) for any text and data aggregation, analysis or mining purposes (including to generate any patterns, trends or correlations); or

(c) with any machine learning and/or artificial intelligence technologies to generate any data or content or to synthesise or combine with any other data or content; or

(d) for any commercial use.

To request permission to reproduce or distribute materials from the Sites, see CYPHER’s Republishing Terms and Conditions.

Your Conduct

You must not:

1. use the Sites in breach of any applicable laws or regulations;

2. use the Sites: to transmit (or authorise the transmission of) ‘junk mail’, ‘chain letters’, unsolicited emails, instant messaging, ‘spimming’, or ‘spamming’; to impersonate any person or entity; to solicit money, passwords or personal information from any person; to harm, abuse, harass, stalk, threaten or otherwise offend others; or for any unlawful purpose;

3. use the Sites to upload, post, transmit or otherwise make available (or attempt to upload, post, transmit or otherwise make available) any Material that: is not your original work, or which in any way violates or infringes (or could reasonably be expected to violate or infringe) the intellectual property or other rights of another person; contains, promotes, or provides information about unlawful activities or conduct; is, or could reasonably be expected to be, defamatory, obscene, offensive, threatening, abusive, pornographic, vulgar, profane, indecent or otherwise unlawful, including Material that racially or religiously vilifies, incites violence or hatred, or is likely to offend, insult or humiliate others based on race, religion, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation or any physical or mental disability; exploits another person in any manner; contains nudity, excessive violence, or sexual acts or references; includes an image or personal information of another person or persons unless you have their consent; poses or creates a privacy or security risk to any person; you know or suspect (or ought reasonably to have known or suspected) to be false, misleading or deceptive; contains large amounts of untargeted, unwanted or repetitive content; contains restricted or password-only access pages, or hidden content; contains viruses, or other computer codes, files or programs designed to interrupt, limit or destroy the functionality of other computer software or hardware; advertises, promotes or solicits any goods or services or commercial activities (except where expressly permitted or authorised by us); or contains financial, legal, medical or other professional advice unapproved by us;

4. interfere with, disrupt, or create an undue burden on the Sites;

5. use any robot or other device or process to retrieve, or in any way reproduce, modify or circumvent the navigational structure, security or presentation of the Sites;

6. use the Sites with the assistance of any automated scripting tool or software;

7. frame or mirror any part of the Sites without our prior written authorisation;

8. use code or other devices containing any reference to the Sites to direct other persons to any other web page;

9. except to the extent permitted by law, modify, adapt, sublicense, translate, sell, reverse-engineer, decipher, decompile or otherwise disassemble any portion of the Sites or cause any other person to do so;

10. delete any attributions or legal or proprietary notices on the Sites.

Your Material

CYPHER only publishes material that aligns with its mission. We accept no liability in respect of any material submitted by users and published by us, and we are not responsible for its content and accuracy including any reliance on that material by any party.

The views expressed are the personal opinions of the experts/professionals named. They may not represent the views of CYPHER or any other organisation unless specifically stated. CYPHER attempts to provide a range of views from the practitioner, academic and research community.

Users may submit material for publication under the following terms and conditions:

1. Publication of any material you submit to us will be at our sole discretion. We reserve the right to make additions or deletions to the text or graphics prior to publication, or to refuse publication.

2. You grant us a non-exclusive, perpetual, irrevocable, royalty-free, worldwide licence to publish and communicate to the public any material you submit to us in any format, including without limitation print and electronic format. You also agree that we may permit other parties to publish and communicate to the public any material you submit to us in any format and such permission is considered a sub-licence provided by us on behalf of you as licensor of any copyrightable material you submit to us. We are not required to request your approval to provide that sub-licence to the sub-licensee.

3. You accept that the sub-licence referred to at paragraph 2 includes a term that we are not primarily liable for ensuring the sub-licensee complies with any legal obligations, including those provided for under Singapore’s Copyright Act (2021) in relation to your rights.

4. You warrant that any material you submit is your own original work and that you own the copyright and any other relevant rights. If you suspect that material you submit to us is not copyrightable work which you own, you are required to tell us who owns it so we can ask permission to republish that content. Should you fail to provide us with the necessary details of ownership in relation to any copyrightable work which you do not own, you are required to indemnify us as provided for below.

5. You warrant that the material you submit is not obscene, offensive or otherwise illegal.

6. You agree not to submit material that is deliberately intended to upset other users.

7. You will take reasonable steps to ensure that any material you submit is not defamatory of any person. If you suspect that material may be defamatory (or if you are not sure), you must tell us at the time you submit the material to us.

You acknowledge that any breach of these conditions may cause us damage or loss. You agree to indemnify us in full and permanently against any third-party liabilities, claims, costs, loss or damage we incur as a result of your breach of conditions (2) to (7) above. You must act honestly and in good faith in your dealings with us and (if requested) you must provide us with reasonable assistance to settle, defend or investigate any third-party claims arising as a result of our publication of material you submit to us.

We reserve the right to remove your access to individual services completely if we believe you are abusing the services in any way.

Interactions with our Sites are governed by our principles (see below), which expand on the points above and are incorporated in these Terms. You will be deemed to consent to these guidelines if you choose to post any content or comments to the Sites.

General Principles

CYPHER is committed to the highest standards of integrity and professional conduct. Authors have a duty to ensure that their work maintains the good name of CYPHER and that of the practitioner, academic and research community.

CYPHER requires authors to disclose any potential conflict of interest. A conflict exists where an individual's interests diverge from their professional responsibilities such that an independent observer might reasonably conclude that the author has been unduly influenced by their own interest.

Publication must include information on the sources of financial and in-kind support for the research, and must reveal actual or potential conflicts of interest.

Research, as a general principle, should not be reported before it has been subjected to a recognised process of peer review. Any special considerations be discussed with us in advance of publication.

How to complain and corrections

CYPHER strives to maintain the highest editorial standards at all times. However, we do not always get things right. Should you feel it necessary to correct or complain about an article, the means for doing so are contained below.

CYPHER strives for fairness and accuracy at all times, and we encourage users to advise us of any significant errors. Complaints should be emailed to CYPHER referencing the publication of relevance. Please be courteous and respectful. Abusive or aggressive emails will not receive a response. When a complaint is received, the editor responsible for the article will assess your complaint and discuss it with the author.

If the editor and author agree there was an error, a correction will be published. If the author and editor find no significant error, your complaint will be rejected. You will be notified of the outcome of your complaint.

When commenting on CYPHER (if applicable), you are like our guest at our dinner party. You've been invited into our space and we ask that you behave with respect and courtesy to help us create a positive fact-based discussion. These are the ground rules:

We treat our comments streams as a curated editorial product. We reserve the right to publish or remove comments to make the conversation better
Comments are only open on selected articles and are typically open for a limited time frame
We require your real name and we reserve the right to delete comments made under aliases. If you've signed in via social media, please change your handle to your real name
Stay on-topic. Comments should be relevant to the article and replies relevant to the initiating post. We reserve the right to delete off-topic comments
We reserve the right to delete any comments including: personal attacks, all forms of discrimination, posts identifying or sharing the personal information of another person (including children), comments that are commercial or repeatedly-shared external links, comments that are defamatory, breach copyright or put us in legal jeopardy, deliberate attempts to misinform, distort facts, provoke or misrepresent the opinions of others, the thread of replies if the original comment is deleted; and other comments at editorial discretion
We reserve the right to lock accounts, in particular where commenters repeatedly breach standards
Disputes: We won't review routine moderation decisions, but if you do need to discuss anything, please feel free to contact us via email (contact@cyphersg.com)

Intellectual Property

The Sites, and all material contained on the Sites and in CYPHER’s products/services, are protected by copyright, trademark and other applicable laws, and are the property of CYPHER, except as otherwise identified. This is including, but not limited to text, photographs, images, illustrations, designs, audio clips, video clips, “look and feel,” metadata, data, or compilations.

All copyrights and trademarks not the property of CYPHER that are used or referred to in the Sites and CYPHER’s products/services are the property of their respective owners. Nothing contained in the Sites or other products/services shall be construed as granting any licence or other rights to any copyright, trademark, patent or other property of CYPHER or any third-party, whether by implication, laches, estoppel or explicit grant.

Because the content is proprietary, any unauthorised use of materials on the Sites or other products/services may violate the law.

CYPHER’s products/services, including third-party and licensed materials on the Sites, may not be modified, reproduced, republished, retransmitted, or displayed except for personal use. Any use for a commercial or public purpose requires specific permission from CYPHER.

In particular, you may not use any Material on the Sites to establish, maintain or provide, or assist in establishing, maintaining or providing, your own publications, internet site or other means of distribution unless permitted under our Republication Terms and Conditions.

CYPHER respects the intellectual property of others, and requires that our users do the same. You may not upload, embed, post, email, transmit or otherwise make available any material that infringes any copyright, patent, trademark, trade secret or other proprietary rights of any person or entity. CYPHER has the right to prohibit infringers from using our Sites.

If you believe your work has been copied and posted on or through the Sites in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please email us.

Content and Non-Endorsement

Opinions and other statements expressed by users and third-parties are theirs alone, not opinions of CYPHER. Content created by third-parties is the sole responsibility of the third-parties, and its accuracy and completeness are not endorsed or guaranteed. The Sites and third-parties may provide links to web pages, web sites and various resources or locations on the web. CYPHER has no control over the information you access via such links, does not endorse that information, and shall not be responsible for it or for the consequences of your use of that information

Use of RSS Feeds

Individuals may use RSS Feeds (‘Feed/s’) free of charge for their personal, non-commercial use only. CYPHER reserves the right to disable, to change, or to cease distribution of Feeds at any time, and reserves the right to require individuals to cease any and all use of the Feeds at any time for any reason.

Limitation of Liability

Except where expressly stated otherwise, material on the Sites is provided as general information only. It is not intended as advice and must not be relied upon as such. You should make your own enquiries and take independent advice tailored to your specific circumstances prior to making any decisions. CYPHER has worked to ensure the accuracy of the information it provides through the Sites. This information frequently relies on data obtained from many sources, however, and we do not make any representation or warranty that any Material on the Sites will be reliable, accurate or complete, nor do we accept any responsibility arising in any way from errors or omissions.

YOU EXPRESSLY AGREE THAT THE USE OF CYPHER’S PRODUCTS AND SERVICES, INCLUDING THE SITES, IS AT YOUR SOLE RISK. Such products and services are provided on an ‘as is’ basis, and CYPHER makes no warranties, expressed or implied, and disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. CYPHER disclaims any warranty that the service will be uninterrupted, secure or error-free. No advice, opinion or other information obtained through the Sites or from CYPHER, orally or in any media, shall create any warranty from CYPHER not expressly stated in this Agreement. Except as otherwise stated, CYPHER makes no warranty or representation regarding confidentiality of any communication or information transmitted on these Sites or any website linked to the Sites. You agree that neither CYPHER, nor any other providers of products or services related to the Sites, are responsible for the confidentiality of any information, and neither CYPHER nor any other providers of products or services related to the Sites are responsible for any damages that may arise from disclosure of such information. CYPHER and its directors, officers, employees, consultants, agents and other representatives shall not be liable under any circumstances for any direct, indirect, consequential, special, exemplary, punitive or other damages, including lost profits or costs or legal fees, under any legal theory including but not limited to breach of contract, breach of warranty, negligence, or strict liability, regardless of whether CYPHER was informed of the possibility of such damages. In jurisdictions that do not allow the exclusion or limitation of certain categories of damages, CYPHER’s liability, and that of its subsidiaries, affiliates or parents and their respective officers, directors, employees, agents, representatives, business partners, information providers and licensors and their respective heirs and assigns, is limited to the fullest extent allowed by such jurisdiction’s laws.

CYPHER assumes no responsibility or liability arising from the content of the Sites nor for any error, defamation, libel, slander, omission, falsehood, obscenity, pornography, profanity, danger or inaccuracy contained in any information within the Sites or accessed through the Sites. CYPHER also does not warrant that the functions or informational materials contained in or accessed or downloaded through our Sites are free of computer viruses or other harmful components. In addition, although we make a good-faith effort to update the content of our Sites periodically, we do not have a duty to update information contained in our Sites, and we will not be liable for any failure to update such information.

Indemnification

You agree to indemnify, defend and hold CYPHER, its affiliates, licensors, suppliers, and sponsors, and its directors, officers, employees, consultants, agents and other representatives, harmless from and against any and all claims, damages, losses, costs (including reasonable legal fees) and other expenses that arise directly or indirectly out of or from (a) your breach of this Agreement, including any violation of the Terms of Use; (b) any allegation that any User Submissions infringe or otherwise violate the copyright, trademark, trade secret or other intellectual property or other rights of any third-party; and/or (c) your activities in connection with the Sites.

Applicable Law

If you attempt to bring any legal action against CYPHER based in any way on its products or services, including the Sites, you agree that, in the event you do not prevail or CYPHER does prevail, you will reimburse CYPHER for any costs and legal fees associated with their defence of the action. The use of the Sites and any claim or dispute relating to the Sites shall be governed by the laws of the Republic of Singapore. Exclusive venue for any claim shall be in Singapore.

Use of the Sites is unauthorised in any jurisdiction that does not affect all provisions of these Terms of Service, including without limitation this paragraph.

Severability

If any provision or portion of these Terms of Use is held in whole or in part to be unenforceable for any reason, the remainder of that provision and of the entire agreement will be severable and will remain in effect, to the fullest degree consistent with the intent of this document.